大學英語四級考試模擬試題及答案解析(1)
Part04
大學英語四級模擬訓練題
大學英語四級考試模擬試題及答案解析(1)
PartIWriting(30minutes)
Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayunderthetitleof"Part-timeJobDuringCollege".Youarerequiredtowriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.
1.很多大學生都選擇做兼職工作；
2.提出你的觀點，並加以闡釋；
3.總結全文，重申觀點。
PartIIListeningComprehension(25minutes)
SectionA
Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearthreenewsreports.Attheendofeachnewsreport,youwillheartwoorthreequestions.Boththenewsreportandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.
Questions1and2arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.
1.A)FromWashington.B)AtthePentagon.
C)InnorthernSyria.D)Bythewindow.
2.A)USforcesworkhardtohittheIslamicStategroup.
B)ManyISleaderswerekilledbyUSforces.
C)DepartmentofDefenseplanstosendspecialforcestoSyriaandIraq.
D)BattleagainsttheISgroupremaineddifficult.
Questions3and4arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.
3.A)Chinametwitheconomicslowdown.
B)ApplecompanywilllaunchnewiPhone.
C)Appletransformedintotheworld'smostvaluablecompany.
D)Thepressureofnewproductreleaseincreases.
4.A)Thefallingsalesandrevenuesinthecomingmonth.
B)Thepressurebroughtfromreleasingnewproduct.
C)ThetransformationintovaluablebusinessofAppleCompany.
D)TheeconomicdownturninChina.
Questions5to7arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.
5.A)Theyarefreeofcharge.B)Theyarerevolutionarymodels.
C)TheyaremuchfasterthanaveragepublicWi-Fi.D)Theyprovidehigh-speedInternet.
6.A)55meters.B)45meters.C)30meters.D)500meters.
7.A)Todownloadmovieevenonthetrain.
B)Tohaveaccesstoinformationoncityservices.
C)Toreplacetheoldpayphones.
D)LeteveryNewYorkerhasaccesstobroadbandconnection.
SectionB
Directions:Inthissection,youwillheartwolongconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,youwillhearfourquestions.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.
ConversationOne
Questions8to11arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.
8.A)Hergrandpasellscats.B)Hergrandpa'scatgavebirthtolittlecats.
C)Hergrandpa'scatbroughtbackseveralcats.D)Hergrandpaboughtseveralcats.
9.A)Ittakestime.B)Ittakesmoney.
C)Hedoesn'twanttolockthem.D)Hedoesn'twanttowalkthem.
10.A)Sellthepet.B)Lockthepetathome.
C)Askhisneighbororfriendforhelp.D)Takethepettohisgrandpa.
11.A)Takethedogsouttodoexercise.B)Feedthedog.
C)Washthedog.D)Trainthedog.
ConversationTwo
Questions12to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.
12.A)ThisSunday.B)NextMonday.C)NextTuesday.D)NextSaturday.
13.A)21:30.B)20:00.C)22:20.D)20:30.
14.A)Atablebythewindowinsmoking.B)Atablebythewindowinno-smoking.
C)Atableinsmokingandnotbythewindow.D)Atableinno-smokingandnotbythewindow.
15.A)Arrivebefore20:15.B)Arrivebefore20:50.
C)Arrivebefore20:45.D)Arrivebefore21:00.
SectionC
Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearthreepassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.
PassageOne
Questions16to18arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.
16.A)Themanagementofsmallbusinessesisalwaysvalued.
B)Theyhavedevelopedfromtraditionalstorestosophisticatedenterprises.
C)Itisunnecessaryforthesmallbusinesstohaveabusinessplan.
D)Theproductioncostisverylowinsmallbusinesses.
17.A)Theycanproduceimportantproductsandcreatejobs.
B)Theycanserveallofthecustomers'needs.
C)Theyareeasytobetargetedat.
D)Thewasteoflimitedresourcescanbeavoided.
18.A)Ifitdoesn'twork,youshouldgiveitupimmediately.
B)Itisnotnecessaryforeveryoneintheorganizationtofollowthebusinessplan.
C)Itishelpfultofocusonthetargetandleadtheway.
D)Itshouldbedraftedbythemanagementlayer.
PassageTwo
Questions19to21arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.
19.A)Ithappenedin1861.
B)ThecauseofitisthatgoldwasdiscoveredinQuesnelForks.
C)Manypeoplewenttothisregionnotforbigfortune.
D)CamelsplayedagreatroleintheCariboogoldrush.
20.A)Aherdofcows.B)Aherdofcamels.
C)Atrainofhorses.D)Somemules.
21.A)Theycouldcarryheavierloadsthanmules.
B)Theymadegreatcontributionintransportation.
C)Theyweren'tsuitedforCariboo'smountainterrain.
D)Theyhadbeenusedbymerchantsthereeversince.
PassageThree
Questions22to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.
22.A)Peopleprefertorentroomsneartheirworkingplace.
B)Expressindustryiscomplainedbecauseofthedeliverydelay.
C)Theroad'snewbuildingandmendingaremakingthingsworse.
D)Theexpressindustrygetsbenefitfromtheroad'sdevelopment.
23.A)Itsunreasonableconstruction.B)Thekeepingbuildingofnewroads.
C)Themendingofroads.D)Thetrafficjamandaccidents.
24.A)Therolesroadplaysincitydevelopment.B)Thetrafficproblemsbyroadandsolutions.
C)Thebenefitsanddefectscausedbyroad.D)Theroad'sinfluenceonpeople'slife.
25.A)Itwasdesertedbutrebornnow.B)Itsproductshavealwaysbeendelayed.
C)Itrentroomsforworkers.D)Peoplestilldon'tlikeit.
PartIIIReadingComprehension(40minutes)
SectionA
Directions:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.
Questions26to35arebasedonthefollowingpassage.
TheMediterraneanisoneofthemostpopularholidaychoicesintheworld.However,itgetsthemostpollutionaswell.(26)only1%oftheearth'sseasurface,theMediterraneancarriesmorethan50%of(27),suchasoilandtarfloating.PoisonfromthousandsoffactoriesispouredintotheMediterranean.Besides,cities,towns,villagesonthecoastalso(28)totheseapollution.
Somanycivilizationswere(29)bytheMediterranean.Butnow,theseafallsillgreatly.Thepollutionnotonlypreventslifeinthesea,butalso(30)humanswholiveorvisittheshores.Themainreasonofdiseaseissewage.Thereareabout120citiesaroundthecoast,and85%oftheirsewage(31)intotheseainwhichpeoplebathandfish.Whatmakesthingsworseisthatmostcitiesjustpipeitdirectlyoffthebeach.Rarecitiesevendropithalfamileoffshore.
Not(32),vastareasoftheseaare(33)withbacteria,whichwon'ttakelongtoreachpeople.ProfessorWilliamBrumfittoftheRoyalFreeHospitalusedtocalculatethatpeopleswimmingintheMediterraneanhaveahighchanceof1/7tocatchsomekindofdisease.Eventhoughotherscientistsdisapproveit,manystillagreethatit's(34)tobathinthepollutedwater.Anotherkindofpoisoncomesfromindustry.It'sasmuchharmfultotheseaassewage.Factoriescrowdonthecoastline.Eventhemostmodernonesarerarel(35)withefficientwastetreatmentsystem.NowtheMediterraneancountrieshaverealizedtheimportancetosavetheircommonsea.Theyhavecometogethertofigureouteffectivemeasures.
A)equippedB)occupyingC)coveredD)surprisingly
E)awashF)floodsG)locatingH)created
I)originatedJ)contaminationK)nurturedL)pollution
M)threatensN)riskyO)contribute
SectionB
Directions:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.
A)Whatisthecriterionjudgingapersontobeobesewhilenotjustsortofoverweight?Well,theheight&weighttablesprovideuswithapproximatereferenceinthecaseofthisproblem.
B)Aformulawhichtakesaperson'sheightandweightintoconsiderationisrecommendedbytheWorldHealthOrganization.ItiscalledtheBMI(BodyMassIndex).Thecalculationmethodistodivideaperson'sweightinkilogramsbythesquareofhisorherheightinmeters,andthusitisgiveninunitsofkg/m2.Accordingtothistheory,iftheBMIisbetweentherangeof18.5-24.9,thepersonisthoughttohavetheperfectphysique.Andcorrespondingly,aBMIexceeding30meansonetobeanobeseperson.
C)Atthesametime,thisdefinitionisconsideredtobeofcertainlimitationsasitdoesn'ttakeotherfactorssuchasgender,ageandethniclineintoaccount.Amongthesefactors,ethniclineisveryimportantbecausedifferentracesmayhavequitedifferentfatdistributions.AnditalsohasanotherdefectthatthiscalculationisnotsuitablefortheverymuscularpersonssuchasbodybuildersandathletesbecausetheyusuallyhavehighBMIthroughphysicaltraining.SomeagenciesliketheNationalCholesterolEducationProgramandtheInternationalDiabetesFoundationareintendedtodefineobesityofadultpeopleinaccordancewiththeirwaistcircumference.
D)Hippocrates,aGreekphysicianonceexpressedtheideathat"personswhoarenaturallyveryfatareapttodieearlierthanthosewhoareslender"almost20centuriesago.Wehavetoadmitthatthisviewisalsoatruthevennowadays.Infact,obesitydoeshaveagreatinfluenceonpeople'sphysical,psychologicalandsocialwell-being.Itcanincreasethepossibilitythatsomeonedevelopsmatureonsetdiabetes(alsocalled"diabetesmellitustype2").What'sworse,itmaybeverydifficulttocontrolthetype2diabetesifthepersonisobese.Andlosingweightcanimprovethelevelsofbloodfatsandbloodglucoseandreducebloodpressure.Wealsoknowthatobesityhascloseassociationwithcoronaryheartdisease.
E)Moreover,medicalresearchersfoundthereiscloselinkbetweenbeingoverweightandsomeformsofcancerin2001.Anditwasestimatedthatalmost10,000Britonsdevelopcancereveryyearbecauseofbeingoverweight.Duringthe10,000people,womentookup5,893andmenoccupied3,220.Thecancerswithstrongestassociationsarebreastcancerandcoloncanceramongthispeople.Beingoverweight,womenwillhaveanincreasedriskofdevelopingcancerinreproductiveorgans,andmeninprostategland.
F)Thesteroidhormonesoestrogenandprogesteroneproducedbyovariesarecausesofthelinkbetweenbreastcancerandnutritionalstatus.Andtheyalsogovernwomen'smenstrualcycle.Researchimpliesthatthemoreawomaneats,orthemoresedentaryherlifestyleis,thehigheraretheconcentrationsofprogesterone,whichalsoexplainswhyrateofbreastcancerofwomenismuchlowerinunderdevelopedcountries.Thesewomenusuallyeatlessfoodandtheirlifestylesinvolvemuchmoredailymovementwhencomparedwithwomeninaffluentcountries.Thustheprogesteronelevelofthemdecreasesandthepredispositiontobreastcancerlowersasaconsequence.
G)Itwasreportedin2002ontheTimesnewspaperthatinthewesternworldobesitywasconsideredasthemajoravertablecauseofcanceramongnon-smokers.
H)In2005,StThomas'Hospital,London,UKpublishedaresearchaboutthecorrelationbetweenbodyfatandaging.Theresearchshowedthatbeingobesewilladd8.8yearsonaveragetoawoman'sbiologicalage.Smokingwouldalsoworsentheeffect.Ifanon-overweightwomansmokes20cigaretteseachdayfor20years,7.4yearswouldbeaddedtoherbiologicalage.While,beingbothobesewouldleadtoanaddingofatleast10yearstobiologicalage.Nowthestudysubjectonlyaimedatwomen;ProfessorTimSpector—theleadresearcher—believesthattheresultwouldbethesamewithmen.
I)Thetiny"caps"locatedontheendsofchromosomesarecalledtelomeres.TheyhelpprotecttheDNAfromtheagingprocess.Throughmeasuringthelengthoftelomeres,theagingeffectwasdetermined.Actually,telomeresaretitledasthe"chromosomalclock".Withanorganismaging,theyarebecomingshorterandshorter.Thescientistsusetheirlengthtodeterminehowoldtheorganismis.Lessthanacertainlength,thetelomereswillbetooshorttobeabletopreventthefallingapartoftheDNAofthechromosome.Freeradicalsreleasedbyexcessbodyfatandchemicalsintobaccosmoke,arebelievedtotriggerinflammation.Inflammationresultsintheproductionofwhitebloodcells,whichleadstoanacceleratederosionoftelomeres.
J)Anotherresearch(2005)conductedrecentlyintheUSAsaysthat,thereisalinkbetweenmiddle-agedobesityandincreasedriskofdementia.Comparedwithpeopleofnormalweight,thoseofobesityare74%morelikelytohavedementiaintheir40s.Astothoseofmerelyoverweight,theriskis35%higher.
K)Informationsuchasage,educationyears,gender,bodymassindex,bloodpressurelevel,physicalactivityandgeneticfactorsisbeingtakenbyscientistsfromtheAgingResearchCentreattheKarolinskaInstituteinSweden,whoassigneachariskscoreaccordingly.Thenapredictivedementiatestisdesignedonthebasisoftheinformation.Thistestwillhelppeopleatrisktolowertherisktodevelopdementiaforthefirsttime,byaffectingchangesintheirlifestyle.
L)Fromaneconomicperspective,theglobalupsurgeinobesity,especiallyinchildren,islikelytopushdowneconomics.Uptoonethirdofbreechpregnanciescouldn'tbediscoveredbythetraditional"palpation"examinationasresearchconductedinAustraliaandpublishedin2006shows.Thegreatestdangerliesinthoseoverweightorobesewomen—agrowingproportionofmothers.Inotherwords,suchwomenwillnothavenecessarytreatmentforthebaby'sbirth,andinmanycases,willneedanemergencyCesareansection.
M)Theobesityisindeedagreatcrisisinhealth-carearea,muchbiggerthanSevereAcuteRespiratorySyndrome(SARS),eventuallybiggerthanAIDS.
36.Obesitycanincreasetheriskofdevelopingdiabetesmellitustype2.
37.Theglobalupsurgeinobesityespeciallyinchildrenwillpossiblypushdowneconomies.
38.BMIisrecommendedtoassesstheconstitutionofapersonintermsofheightandweight.
39.Overweighthassomerelationwithcancerinthereproductiveorgansforwomen.
40.Ifanon-overweightwomansmokes20cigarettesadayfor20years,7.4yearswillbeaddedtoherbiologicalage.
41.Freeradicalsreleasedbyexcessbodyfatandchemicalspresentintobaccosmokecantriggerinflammation.
42.TheusageofBMIhasshortcomingduetotheneglectoffactorssuchasgender,ageandethicline.
43.Thepredictivedementiatestcanhelppeopletoaffectlifestylechangesthatwillreducetheriskofcontractingdementia.
44.Womenfromunderdevelopedcountriesinclinetohavelowerrateofbreastcancer.
45.Middle-agedobesepeoplerunariskofdementia.
SectionC
Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourhoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.
PassageOne
Haveyouseentheprocessofhowababylearnstoclaporspeak?Doyouponderwhatpushesthemtodoso?Inthepast,peoplewidelybelievedthatbabies—andothercreatures—learnttodocertainthingsforthereasonof"rewards".Anditseemsnoreasontodoubtitstruth.Meantime,it'salsowidelyacceptedthatthereisadirectrelationbetweentheeffectiverewardsandphysiological"drives"—hungerandthirstforexample,atleastattheearlystage.That'stosay,ababy'slearningdependsonhisgettingfoodordrink.
ButtheideaisprovedtobenottruebyaseriesofstudiescarriedoutbyProfessorPapousek.Withoutrewards,babieswillstilllearncertainbehaviorsforsuccessfuloutcome.
ProfessorPapousekstartedhisstudiesbyteachingthebabiestomakesomesimplemovements,suchasclappingtheirhands,turningtheirheadstooneside.Atfirst,heusedthenormalwaysbyrewardingmilk.Hefoundthatababygivenenoughmilkwouldrefusethemilk,butwouldstillkeepmakingthelearnedresponseswithclearpleasure.Soinsituationsofnomilk,whatwillthebabiesdo?Willtheyrejecttolearn?Hequicklyfoundthatinsuchcase,babies,evenasyoungasfourmonths,stilllearnttoturntheirheadstorightorleftbyfollowingadisplayoflights.Andtheywereabletobetaughtsomecomplexmovementsindeed,suchas,tworightortwoleft,evenasmanyasthreeturnstooneside.
Papousekplacedthelightdisplaydirectlyinfrontofthebabies.Healsonoticedthattheywouldnotalwaystendtoturntheirheadstowatchthelightsswitchedoncloselyalthoughtheywould"smileandbubble".ThusPapousekcametoaconclusionthatitwasnotthesightoflightsthatpleasedthemprimarily,butthesuccessachievedintheproblemsolvingandskillmastering.Andthereexistsahumaninstinctiveurgetounderstandtheworldandbringitundercontrolintentionallyaswell.
46.Accordingtotheauthor,whatkindofthingsdobabiestendtolearn?
A)Thingsthataredirectlyrelatedtopleasure.
B)Thingsthatwillbringthemfoodordrink.
C)Thingsthatwillbringthemafeelingofsuccess.
D)Thingsthatwillleadtoeffectiverewards.
47.InPapousek'sexperiments,henoticedthatababy.
A)wouldstoptoturnitsheadwhennomilkwasprovided
B)wouldbepleasanttomakelearnedresponseswhenitsawthemilk
C)wouldrefusetocarryoutlearnedmovementswhenithadenoughtodrink
D)wouldcontinuethesimplemovementswithoutbeinggivenmilk
48.InPapousek'sexperiment,what'sthereasonthatbabiesmakelearnedmovementsofthehead?
A)Tohavethelightsswitchedon.B)Toearnenoughmilk.
C)Towatchthelightsdirectlyinfrontofthelights.D)Tobepraised.
49.Thebabieswould"smileandbubble"atthelightsbecause.
A)thelightsweredirectlyrelatedtosomebasic"drives"
B)thesightofthelightswasinteresting
C)thelightswereclosetothem
D)theysucceededin"switchingon"thelights
50.AccordingtoPapousek,thefactthatbabiesgetpleasurebyachievingsomethingisareflectionof.
A)abasichumandesiretomakesenseofandcontroltheworld
B)thestrongdesiretosolveproblems
C)afundamentalhumanurgetoshowofftheirlearnedskills
D)thesatisfactionofcertainphysiologicalneeds
PassageTwo
Theword"renaissance"implies"rebirth"inFrench,whichwasfirstusedbyJulesMichelet,ahistorianinhisworkHistoryofFrancein1855.Thenitwasadoptedbyhistoriansofculture,arthistoriansandeventuallymusichistorians.AllofthesepeopleappliedthiswordtotheEuropeancultureduringthe150yearsfrom1450-1600.IntheEuropeanhistory,duetotherenewedinterestinancientGreekandRomanculturewhichstartedfromItalyandspreadthroughoutEurope,theconceptofrebirthwellinterpretedthisperiodoftime.AtthattimescholarsandartistsintendedtorestoretheclassicalcivilizationsofGreeceandRome,whichmeantareturntohuman.Naturally,fulfillmentinlifeandindividualemancipationbecametheirideals,andexpressingallkindsofhumanemotionsandenjoyingthepleasuresofsensesprevailedover.Artistsandwritersstartedtofocusonreligioussubjectmatterandmadegreatattemptstocreateunderstandableandattractiveworks.
AllthechangesinideologyandcultureprofoundlyaffectedtheaspectofmusicalcultureduringtheRenaissanceperiod,thatis,howpeoplethoughtaboutmusicandinwhichwaythemusicwascomposedandexperienced.Peoplecouldseetheconcretethingslikearchitecturalmonuments,sculptures,playsaswellaspoemswhichwereallbeingrediscovered.Andtheyalsocouldreadthetranslationversionsofthewritingsofclassicalthinkers,writers,poetsandmusictheorists.However,theancientmusiccouldn'tbeheardactuallyanyway.Theyexperiencedthemysticalpowerofancientmusicwhichcouldtouchthelistenersdeeplyandwonderedwhythemodernmusiccouldn'tachievethiseffect.TaketheinfluentialreligiousleaderBernardinoCirilloasanexample,heexpressedhisdisappointmentwiththemusicofhistimeandurgedmusicianstolearnfromthosewhohadrediscoveredancientartandliterature.
Europeanrenaissanceinmusicdoesnotmerelyaffectthespecificmusicaltechniques,what'smore,itwasageneralmovementincultureandstateofmind.Thoughwithdifferentratesindifferentcountries,musicduringtheoneandahalfcenturiesexperiencedrapiddevelopmentandchanges,andwejustfailedtodefineasingleRenaissancestyle.
51.What'sthemainideaofthispassage?
A)MusicalpracticesofAncientGreekandRomanthatwereappliedduringtheEuropeanRenaissance.
B)TheEuropeanRenaissanceasaculturaldevelopmentthatincludedchangesinmusicalstyle.
C)MusicalcompositionswhichbestillustratethedevelopmentsduringtheEuropeanRenaissance.
D)MusicaltechniquesthatwereemployedduringtheEuropeanRenaissance.
52.Whatdoestheauthormeanbyusingtheword"eventually"inline3?
A)Musichistoriansusedtheword"Renaissance"mostfrequently.
B)Theword"Renaissance"wasusedbymanyotherhistoriansratherthanbymusichistorians.
C)Musichistoriansusedtheword"Renaissance"quitedifferentlycomparedwiththeotherhistorians.
D)Otherhistoriansusedtheword"Renaissance"beforeitwasfinallyusedbymusichistorians.
53.WecaninferfromthepassagethatideologistsoftheRenaissancepursuedtherebirthof__.
A)culturalemphasisonhumanity
B)spiritualitypleasuresineverydaylife
C)religioussubjectsinartandliterature
D)communicationamongartistsandwritersthroughoutEurope
54.Accordingtothepassage,thereasonwhyBernardinoCirillowasdisappointedwiththemusicofhistimeisthat__.
A)itwasnotwellcreatedbymusicians
B)itreliedtoomuchontheartandliteratureofthattime
C)itcouldnotgetemotionalresponsesfromaudiences
D)itwasmuchrelatedtoreligiousthemes
55.WhichismentionedasareasonfortheabsenceofasingleRenaissancemusicalstyle?
A)Europe'srenaissanceinmusicwasverymuchdefinedbytechniquethanstyle.
B)RenaissancemusiciansreformedthestyleswiththereferenceofGreekandRomanmusic.
C)Musicneverremainedthesameforalongtimeduringthatperiod.
D)TheperiodofMusicalRenaissancewasveryshortanddidn'tgenerateanewmusicalstyle.
PartIVTranslation(30minutes)
Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestotranslatethefollowingpassagefromChineseintoEnglish.YoushouldwriteyouransweronAnswerSheet2.
孫悟空，又稱美猴王(MonkeyKing)，在中國是一個家喻戶曉的神話角色，也是四大名著之一《西遊記》(JourneytotheWest)中的主要形象。傳說，他從仙石中降生，受到道教高人(Taoistmaster)的點撥傳授而獲得高超的法力。他會七十二變，還能駕馭筋斗雲。孫悟空是機智與勇敢的化身。他成為中國文學史上經久不衰的人物之一，深受人們的喜愛。
答案解析
PartIWriting
行文思路
這是一篇典型的命題作文。寫此類作文時，可以按照「引入話題—提出觀點並論證—總結」的步驟來寫。首先，開篇點出主題：「大學生兼職」這一普遍現象。其次，提出自己的觀點，並解釋原因最後做一個總結性的論述。
範文賞析
Nowadays,manycollegestudentsaretakingpart-timejobs.It'squiteunderstandableforthemtobeeagertodosomethingtoshowtheirindependence.Tounloadthefamily'sfinancialburden,toputwhattheylearnintopractice,toprepareexperienceforthefuturearethemostemphasizedreasons.
However,itmustbepointedoutthatapart-timejobisnotnecessary.Firstandforemost,itwillintrudeintotheclassstudy.Students'maintaskistostudy.Spendingtoomuchtimeonthepart-timejob,somestudentswillneglecttheirstudy.Besides,thereexistsortsofclubsandorganizationsoncampuswhicharefullofopportunitiesandpracticalenoughandtheywillbringusacolorfulandirreplaceablememory.What'smore,thesafetyisofanothermajorconcern.
Wehavedecadestohaveajobinfollowinglife,butonlyfouryearstolearn.Let'sfocusonourlearning,throughwhichwecanwellequipourselvesforthefuture.
PartIIListeningComprehension
SectionA
NewsReportOne
IraqaswedescribedtheotherdaybytheDefenseSecretaryAshtonCarter,wewanttoletpeopleknowthattheywon'tknowwho'scominginthewindowatnight.
PresidentObamasaidthatUSforcesarehittingtheso-calledIslamicStategroupharderthanever,butheadmittedthebattleremaineddifficultandprogressneededtocomefaster.SpeakingatthePentagon,Mr.ObamasaidtheUShadkilledanumberofthegroup'sleaders.FromWashington,GaryO'Donoghuehasmoredetails.HelistedawholebunchofISleadersthattheUSsaysit'skilledintheyardlastfewmonths,peoplelikeAbuSayyafwhocontrolledtheoilproductionforIslamicState.TheyalsoclaimedtohavekilledtheIS'ssecondincommandaswell.Andwhathe'ssayingistothoseleadershipfigures,youaregonnabenext.Andtheyarealso,asweknow,puttingspecialforcesonthegroundinnorthernSyriaandintoIraqaswedescribedtheotherdaybytheDefenseSecretaryAshtonCarter,wewanttoletpeopleknowthattheywon'tknowwho'scominginthewindowatnight.
1.WheredidObamaspeakaboutthekillingofIslamicStategroup'sleaders?
答案：B)AtthePentagon.
點睛解析：問的是奧巴馬敘述IS組織頭目遭到美軍殺害這件事情的地點，所以B正確。聽力原文中的關鍵詞是speakingatthePentagon。
2.What'sthenewsreportmainlyabout?
答案：A)USforcesworkhardtohittheIslamicStategroup.
點睛解析：本題為主旨大意題。B、C、D選項均為具體細節。所以選A。
NewsReportTwo
ThetechnologygiantApplehasreportedlower-than-expectedsalesofiPhonesinthelastquarterthanksinparttotheeconomicslowdowninChina.Salesgrewattheslowestratesincethedevicewaslaunchedin2007.Apple'sprofits,nonetheless,roseforthequartertomorethan18billiondollars,RoryCellan-Jonesreports.Atfirstsight,Applehasdeliveredanothergreatsetofresultswithrecordquarterlyprofitsandrevenue.ButconcernswillcenteronsalesoftheiPhone,theproductwhichhastransformedthecomputermakerintotheworld'smostvaluablebusiness.Asforthecomingmonth,AppleisforecastingthefirstfallingrevenuessincetheiPhone'slaunch.Ifsalesoftheproductwhichaccountsfor2/3ofitsrevenuehavepeaked,thepressuretounveilsomethingthatcanreplaceitwillincrease.
3.What'sthereasonforlower-than-expectedsalesofiPhonesmentionedabove?
答案：A)Chinametwitheconomicslowdown.
點睛解析：問的是文中提到的iPhone銷售量比預期低的原因，聽力原文開頭有關鍵詞thanksinpartto，由此得知，接下來要說的就是原因，即theeconomicslowdowninChina，所以選A。
4.WhatisthemainconcernaboutiPhone?
答案：A)Thefallingsalesandrevenuesinthecomingmonth.
點睛解析：此題為細節題，問的是關於iPhone的主要擔憂。聽力原文中，提到ButconcernswillcenteronsalesoftheiPhone...，由此可知擔憂的是salesoftheiPhone，其餘為干擾項，所以選A。
NewsReportThree
Futuristic,3-meter-tallWi-FiportalsarereplacingthousandsofoldpayphonesinNewYorkCity.Bysummer'send,morethan500willdotthecitystreets;in12years,asmanyas10,000.
Thesellingpointsaresimple:Theyarefreetouse,providinghigh-speedInternettothecity'sresidentsandvisitors,roughly100timesfasterthantheaveragepublicWi-Fi.
"Itmeansyoucanuploadpicturesinafractionofasecond,andyoucandownloadamoviebeforeyouhoponthetraininlessthan30seconds."
Eachspothasaminimumradiusof45metersbeforeitautomaticallyconnectsyoutothenext.EveryunitisequippedwithachargingdeviceandAndroidtabletforInternetbrowsing,phonecallsandeasyaccesstoinformationoncityservices,aswellasa911emergencycallbutton.
"TheideaistoreacheveryNewYorkerwhomightnototherwisehaveaccesstoabroadbandconnection,eitherintheirhomesoratwork."Hensleydescribesthelinksasa"revolutionary"modelforothercitiesworldwide.
"It'saglobaleconomy.Peoplearetravelingmoreandmore,andtheservicesthattheyknowtheycanrelyoninNewYork,weexpectthemtowantwhentheygotoplaceslikeLondonandParisandHongKong."
5.WhichisnotincludedinthesellingpointofWi-Fiportals?
答案：B)Theyarerevolutionarymodels.
點睛解析：此題考查的是，哪一項不是Wi-Fi站點的賣點。A選項，免費試用；C選項，比公共Wi-Fi網速快；以及D選項，提供高速網絡；以上三個選項均在聽力原文中提到，故用排除法，選B。
6.Howlongistheminimumradiusofeachhotspot?
答案：B)45meters.
點睛解析：此題考查細節，問每個熱點的最小輻射半徑。在聽力原文中提到，在連接到下一個熱點之前，每個熱點都有最小為45米的輻射半徑。所以選B。
7.WhatistheaimofthisWi-FiprograminNewYork?
答案：D)LeteveryNewYorkerhasaccesstobroadbandconnection.
點睛解析：此題為推理題。詢問的是紐約Wi-Fi項目的目的意義。聽力原文中提到，該構想是為了讓沒有安裝寬頻的紐約人連上網，即「TheideaistoreacheveryNewYorkerwhomightnototherwisehaveaccesstoabroadbandconnection,eitherintheirhomesoratwork.」所以選D。
SectionB
ConversationOne
M:Petsarepeople'sgoodcompany,especiallytothelonelyoldones.
W:You'reright.Ilikepets.AndI'vegotanewfemalecat;haveyouseenher?
M:Ohyes.Sheisreallybeautifulandlovely.Doesshehaveaname?
W:Snow.IcallherSnow,forherwhitefur.
M:Wheredidyougetherfrom?
W:Frommygrandpa.
M:Yourgrandpa?
W:Yes.Hiscatgavebirthtoseverallittlecatstwomonthago.Doyouwantone?
M:Nope.
W:Why?Iknowyoulikepets.
M:Yes,Ilikepets.Butittakesbothtimeandmoneytoraisethem.SoIgiveup.
W:Well,that'strue.Thepetswilllimityourfreedominsomedegree.
M:Yes,andIdon'twanttokeepthemlockedathomealonewhileIgoout.
W:It'saproblem.Butyoucanaskyourneighbororfriendtolookafteritsometimes.
M:It'sagoodidea.Bytheway,doyouknow"dogwalkers"?It'ssaidthatinsomemajorcities,manypeoplehavestartedtohire"dogwalkers"recently.
W:Dogwalkers?What'sthat?
M:Thedogwalkershelptotakethedogsouttodosomeexercisewhentheownerisbusy.It'sanew-risingjob.Andthewalkersareearningahighsalary.
W:Oh,seemsgood.IthinkI'veseenthem.
M:Really?Whenandwhere?
W:LastFridaymorning,aroundthelake.Amanwaswalkingalonewithaboutsevendogs.
M:Woo!Itmustbeagrandsight.
8.Whycanthewomangetanewcatfromhergrandpa?
答案：B)Hergrandpa'scatgavebirthtolittlecats.
點睛解析：此題答案在對話中已經直接給出，根據女士所說的Hiscatgavebirthtoseverallittlecatstwomonthago.可知，正確答案應選B。
9.Accordingtothepassage,whichisnotthereasonthatthemandoesn'twantapet?
答案：D)Hedoesn'twanttowalkthem.
點睛解析：從對話中可知，男士覺得養寵物花費時間和金錢，以及不希望將寵物鎖在家裏，但是並沒有提到不願意遛寵物，因此答案選D。
10.Whatdoesthewomenadvisethemantodowhenthemanisout?
答案：C)Askhisneighbororfriendforhelp.
點睛解析：根據It'saproblem.Butyoucanaskyourneighbororfriendtolookafteritsometimes.可知「可以請求鄰居或朋友代為照顧」。答案選C。
11.Whatdothedogwalkersdo?
答案：A)Takethedogsouttodoexercise.
點睛解析：此題答案也在對話中已經直接給出，根據男士所說的Thedogwalkershelptotakedogsouttodosomeexercisewhentheownerisbusy.可知，正確答案應選A。
ConversationTwo
W:Goodafternoon,GreenRestaurant.MayIhelpyou?
M:Yes.Whattimedoyouopen?
W:Weopenat7:30inthemorningandcloseat21:30fromMondaytoSaturday.OnSunday,weopenatthesametime,butcloseat22:20.
M:ThedayaftertomorrowisChristmasDay,andwillyoupushtheclosingtime?
W:No,sir.Itwillkeepsameasusual.
M:OK,Iwanttmakeareservationfortwoat20:00tomorrowevening.
W:I'msorry,sir,therearen'tanytablesleftfor20:00.
M:Notablesleft?
W:No.I'mterriblysorry,sir.We'vebeenfullybookedforthenext2days.
M:Howaboutthisevening?
W:Letmecheck;holdonplease.Wehave3tablesavailableat20:30today.
M:I'mafraidit'stooclosetoyourclosingtime.
W:Don'tworry,sir.It'sSundaytodayandwecloseat22:20.
M:OK,thenthatwillbegood.
W:Wouldyouliketositinsmokingorno-smoking?
M:Ipreferthetableinsmoking,betterbythewindow.
W:Noted,sir.MayIhaveyourname?
M:FrankSmith.
W:OK,Mr.Smith,we'llreserveatablefor2bythewindowinsmokingat20:30thisevening.Yourbookingnumberis3574.Wewillholdthetableforfifteenminutes.Andwelookforwardtoseeingyou.
M:Isee.Thankyouverymuch.Bye.
W:Bye.
12.WhenisChristmasDay?
答案：C)NextTuesday.
點睛解析：從文中對話ThedayaftertomorrowisChristmasDay.和It'sSundaytodayandwecloseat22:20.可知,聖誕節是後天，而今天是星期天，所以答案為C。
13.WhendoestherestaurantcloseonChristmasDay?
答案：A)21:30.
點睛解析：此題與第一題相關，聖誕節是周二，而從對話ThedayaftertomorrowisChristmasDay,andwillyoupushtheclosingtime?和No,sir.Itwillkeepsameasusual.可知，聖誕當天營業時間並沒有改變。pushtheclosingtime意為「推遲關門時間」。答案應該是A。
14.Whatkindoftabledoesthemanwantthisevening?
答案：A)Atablebythewindowinsmoking.
點睛解析：服務生的回答中已經做了總結we'llreverseatablefor2bythewindowinsmokingat20:30thisevening，正確答案為A。
15.Whatdoesthewaitresssuggestthemando?
答案：C)Arrivebefore20:45.
點睛解析：此題比較隱晦，對話中並沒有直接用suggest或advise等單詞。服務員說Wewillholdthetableforfifteenminutes.「我們會保留桌位15分鐘。」而預定時間是20:30,所以客人應在20:45之前到達。
SectionC
PassageOne
Today,Iwouldliketoturnourattentiontothefieldofmanagement,i.e.,small-businessmanagement,whichisoftenneglectedamongtraditionalmanagementcourses.Smallbusinesseshavedevelopedfromtraditionalsmall-townstoressellingfoodorclothingtohighlysophisticatedenterprises.Theyhavenotonlyproducedimportantproductsbutalsocreatednumerousjobopportunitiesforpeople.Assmallbusinessescannotserveallofthecustomers'needs,it'sverynecessaryforthemanagementlayertobearinmindwhichoftheneedstheirbusinessserves.Andabusinessplanthateverybodyintheorganizationunderstandsandfollowsneedstobedraftedsothatitcanhelptofocusonthetargetandleadtheway.What'smoreimportant,thepurposeofthebusinessshouldbestatedclearly.Inaddition,everyoneintheorganizationmustknowwhattaskstoperforminthecauseoffulfillingthepurpose.Ifthebusinessplandoesnotworkforanyreason,pleasetryhardtofigureoutthereason,rewritethebusinessplan,andfocusonthenewplanrightaway.Butdorememberthat,neverdropabadplaneasilywithoutreplacingit.Havingabusinessplanisessentialtobusinesssincewasteoflimitedresourcesisveryunaffordable.Asisknowntoall,wastemeansunnecessaryhighproductioncost,whichalsocanbeavoided.Andproductioncostisacrucialfactoraffectingthequalityofproductsandthesettingofpricesofproducts.
16.Whatdowelearnaboutsmallbusinesses?
答案：B)Theyhavedevelopedfromtraditionalstorestosophisticatedenterprises.
點睛解析：本題考查關於smallbusinesses的說法，聽力原文中提到Smallbusinesseshavedevelopedfromtraditionalsmall-townstoressellingfoodorclothingtohighlysophisticatedenterprises.對應B選項的說法，其餘各選項與原文不符，所以選B。
17.Whatarethebenefitsofsmallbusinesses?
答案：A)Theycanproduceimportantproductsandcreatejobs.
點睛解析：本題考查的是smallbusinesses的好處，聽力原文中提到Theyhavenotonlyproducedimportantproductsbutalsocreatednumerousjobopportunitiesforpeople.對應A選項，其餘各項與原文不符，所以選A。
18.Whichoneiscorrectaboutthebusinessplan?
答案：C)Itishelpfultofocusonthetargetandleadtheway.
點睛解析：本題考查的是關於businessplan的正確說法，聽力原文中提到itcanhelptofocusonthetargetandleadtheway，對應C選項，A和B與原文不符，D項並沒有提及，所以選C。
PassageTwo
Today,IamgoingtotalkabouttheCariboogoldrushintheyearof1858.ItbeganwhengoldwasdiscoveredinafrontiertowncalledQuesnelForks,whichislocatedinBritishColumbia,Canada.By1861thousandsofmenhadswarmedintothisregionwiththeexpectationofthemakingamillion.Asamatterofcourse,supplieshadtobebroughtinwiththedevelopmentofthetown,andthatwasdonewithmules.Eventhoughthemuleswerequitereliable,therewerestillsomedrawbacks.Forinstance,amulewithaheavyloadonitsbackcouldonlytravel15milesaday,whichmeansthatatypicaltripintoQuesnelshouldtakeaslongas20days.Therefore,asthedemandforsuppliescontinuedtogrow,somemerchantsandpackersdeterminedtotryanewapproach—strangebuttrue,theyshippedinaherdofcamels.Thoughitsoundsquitestrange,cameltrainsreallyhadmadegreatcontributionintransportationsome10yearsearlierduringtheCaliforniagoldrush.ButthesituationinCaribooregionwasn'tquitethesame.Actuallyitwasadisaster.Beyondthemerchants'expectation,thesecamelscouldn'tcarryheavierloads.Theirtwo-toedfeetwereperfectfordeserttravel,whiletheywerenotsuitablefortheruggedmountainterraininCariboo.What'sworse,themulesbecameveryfuriouseverytimewhentheycameacrossacamel,whichcausedalotofaccidentsonthebumpymountainroads.Themule-packerseventhreatenedthecamelownerswithalawsuit.Butthereasonwhymerchantsfinallyrenouncedtheuseofcameltrainsisthatcamelsmerelyweren'tcutoutforthejob.
19.WhatdoesthespeakersayabouttheCariboogoldrush?
答案：B)ThecauseofitisthatgoldwasdiscoveredinQuesnelForks.
點睛解析：本題考查的是關於Cariboogoldrush的情況，聽力原文中第一句提到theCariboogoldrushintheyearof1858，因此排除A選項；由withtheexpectationofmakingamillion得知，人們來此地是為了賺大錢，因此排除C選項；D選項錯誤，聽力中提到駱駝是在Californiagoldrush，而不是在Cariboogoldrush中發揮了重要作用。所以該題選B。
20.Whatnewapproachdidthemerchantstaketoshipsupplies?
答案：B)Aherdofcamels.
點睛解析：聽力原文中提到somemerchantsandpackersdeterminedtotryanewapproach...theyshippedinaherdofcamels，對應B選項，A和C並未提及，D不是新方案，所以選B。
21.WhatdowelearnaboutthecameltrainsinCaribooregion?
答案：C)Theyweren'tsuitedforCariboo'smountainterrain.
點睛解析：本題考查的是Cariboo地區駝隊的情況，聽力原文中提到...whiletheywerenotsuitablefortheruggedmountainterraininCariboo.由此可知駝隊不適應Cariboo的山區地形，其餘各項不符，所以選C。
PassageThree
Goodmorning,asyouallknow,roadisplayinganimportantroleinthecitydevelopment.It'sbeenaperenniallyhottopicduringthecityprogress.Theroadhasbeenundergreatimprovementandwidenedinrecentdecades.Aperfectplanningontheroadwillbringgreatconveniencetopeople'slife.Itallowspeoplewholiveinthesuburbmilesawaytoworkinthedowntown.Itbenefitstheexpressindustry,whichisacommonandvitaldeliverypathformodernpeople.Peopleprefertogotothelargesupermarketsfarawayinsteadofthesmallretailstoresclose.However,inrecentyears,variousbotheringproblemsstarttoappearconstantly.Lotsofsociologistsblametheunreasonableroadconstructionforsortsofsocialissues,suchastraffic,safety,environment,economics.Nodoubt,thetrafficproblemisthefirstofall.Inspiteofkeepingbuildingnewroads,trafficjamsandaccidentshappenattimes.Additionally,theroads'mendingcausedbyoveruseismakingthingsworse.Thussituationchangesagain.Mostpeoplewouldratherspendextramoneyonrentingroomsneartheworkingplace.Theexpressareaisreceivingmoreandmorecomplaintondeliverydelay.Ontheotherhand,thenear-homeretailstoresgettheirrebirth,eventhoughtherearemuchfewerproducts.Todaylet'sfocusourattentiononthetheme—thetrafficdefectsofroaddevelopmentandimprovingsolutions.Pleasediscussin4-peoplegroups.I'mlookingforwardtohearingsomecreativesolutions.
22.Whichstatementisnotrightabouttheroad?
答案：C)Theroad'snewbuildingandmendingismakingthingsworse.
點睛解析：此題要注意隱藏的陷阱。文中只提到theroas'mendingcausedbyoveruseismakingthingsworse,而newbuilding並不是使情況更糟的原因。答案為C項。
23.Whatdosociologistsblameforsortsofsocialissues?
答案：A)Itsunreasonableconstruction.
點睛解析：由Lotsofsociologistsblametheunreasonableroadconstructionforsortsofsocialissues,可知，原因是道路的不合理規劃。B、C、D項正是目前道路問題的具體體現。
24.Whatisthethemetobediscussedtoday?
答案：B)Thetrafficproblemsbyroadandsolutions.
點睛解析：根據原文let'sfocusourattentiononthetheme—thetrafficdefectsofroaddevelopmentandimprovingsolutions可知今天的主題是道路引起的交通問題和解決方案。A、C、D項文中雖然有提到，但並不是要討論的主題。
25.Whatdowelearnabouttheretailstore'scurrentsituation?
答案：A)Itwasdesertedbutrebornnow.
點睛解析：由Peopleprefertogotothelargesupermarketsfarawayinsteadofthesmallretailstoresclose.和thenear-homeretailstoresgettheirrebirth可知，人們曾經更喜歡去大超市，放棄小商店。而現在情況有所好轉，說明人們又重新轉向小商店，因此D項錯誤，A項正確。而B、C項文中並沒有提到。
PartIIIReadingComprehension
SectionA
26.答案：B)Occupying
點睛解析：occupy意為「佔據，佔有」。occupy在本句中作為狀語使用，需要根據主語是此動作的執行者還是承受者來確定主動還是被動。theMediterranean明顯是occupy的執行者，要用主動形式。
27.答案：J)contamination
點睛解析：此處需要名詞。由上下文可知，此處需要與pollution有關的名詞，contamination意為「污染物」，故為答案。而pollution本身並沒有「污染物」的意思。
28.答案：O)contribute
點睛解析：此處需要動詞的第三人稱複數形式，作句子的謂語。只有O項可選。contributeto...片語意為「是……的原因，促成……」，符合文意。
29.答案：K)nurtured
點睛解析：根據空缺處之前be動詞were以及之後介詞by判斷，本句是被動句，此處應填入動詞的過去分詞形式。nurture意為「養育」，equip意為「裝備」，create意為「創造」，聯繫上下文，nurture更符合要求。而originate應與介詞from搭配使用。
30.答案：M)threatens
點睛解析：此處需要動詞的第三人稱單數形式，可選的兩個詞中threatens意為「威脅，恐嚇」，而floods意為「湧入」，threatens符合要求。
31.答案：F)floods
點睛解析：同上。floodinto...為固定用法，表示「湧入……」。
32.答案：D)surprisingly
點睛解析：此處需要填入的是一個副詞，只有surprisingly可選。notsurprisingly意為「不足為奇」。
33.答案：E)awash
點睛解析：此處考查的是短語的用法，beawashwith...「充斥着……」，是固定短語用法。
34.答案：N)risky
點睛解析：此處考查的是短語的用法，it'sriskytodosth「做某事是有風險的」，是固定短語用法。
35.答案：A)equipped
點睛解析：此處考查的是短語的用法，beequippedwith...「裝備有……」，是固定短語用法。
SectionB
36.答案：D
點睛解析：此處是對文章語意細節的歸納總結。根據關鍵詞diabetesmellitustype2可定位至D段第四句，再結合前後語境語意得知該題干表述出自於D段。
37.答案：L
點睛解析：此處是對文章細節的考查。根據關鍵詞globalupsurgeinobesityespeciallyinchildren，pushdowneconomics等可定位至L段的第一句。
38.答案：B
點睛解析：此處是對文段的歸納總結。根據關鍵詞BMI,isrecommended,heightandweight等可定位至B段，而且constitution也與該段落中的physique對應。
39.答案：E
點睛解析：此處是對文章細節的考查。根據關鍵詞overweight,reproductiveorgans,women可定位至E段的最後一句。
40.答案：H
點睛解析：此處是對文章細節的考查。根據關鍵詞non-overweightwoman,smokes20cigarettes,biologicalage可定位至H段的第四句。
41.答案：I
點睛解析：此處是對文章細節的考查。根據關鍵詞freeradicals,excessbodyfat,triggerinflammation等可定位至I段中倒數第二句。
42.答案：C
點睛解析：此處是對文章細節的考查。根據關鍵詞factorssuchasgender,ageandethicline可定位至C段，而且shortcoming與該段第三句中的defect對應，neglect與該段第一句中的doesn'ttake...intoaccount相對應。
43.答案：K
點睛解析：此處是對文章細節的歸納總結。根據關鍵詞predictivedementiatest,affect,lifestyle,changes等可定位至K段中的最後兩句，該題干表述即對這兩句話的概括總結。
44.答案：F
點睛解析：此處是對文章細節的考查。根據關鍵詞women,underdevelopedcountries可定位至F段，再結合本段第三句中的which定語從句內容得知該題干表述出自於F段。
45.答案：J
點睛解析：此處是對文章細節的考查。根據關鍵詞middle-aged,riskofdementia可以定位至J段中的第一句。
SectionC
PassageOne
46.答案：C)Thingsthatwillbringthemafeelingofsuccess.
點睛解析：B和D項，作者在第二段落的開頭就已經直接否定。A項和C項看起來都很像正確答案。根據原句Withoutrewards,babieswillstilllearncertainbehaviorsforsuccessfuloutcome.和butthesuccessachievedintheproblemsolvingandskillmastering可以看出，答案為C。
47.答案：D)wouldcontinuethesimplemovementswithoutbeinggivenmilk
點睛解析：文中提到Hefoundthatababygivenenoughmilkwouldrefusethemilk,butwouldstillkeepmakingthelearnedresponseswithclearpleasure.「當給予一個嬰兒足夠的牛奶后，他會拒絕接受更多的牛奶，但仍然會很愉快地繼續做出學到的動作。」排除選項B和C。Soinsituationsofnomilk...followingadisplayoflights.可以進一步排除選項A。所以選D。
48.答案：D)Tobepraised.
點睛解析：此題可參考第46題，直接排除選項B。選項A和C，是做實驗時進行的引導訓練性動作，明顯不對。D「被表揚」是答案。
49.答案：D)theysucceededin"switchingon"thelights
點睛解析：同上，可參考第46題，直接排除選項A，正確答案為D。再次強調要注意關鍵詞success。此外題干主語是thebabies,要從babies的角度來考量此題。這也是"switchingon"加雙引號的原因，他們「以為」是自己成功「打開」燈。選項B文中並沒有提到，選項C也明顯不對。
50．答案：A)abasichumandesiretomakesenseofandcontroltheworld
點睛解析：此題答案即可從原文Andthereexistsahumaninstinctiveurgetounderstandtheworldandbringitundercontrolintentionallyaswell.直接得知。makesenseof...意為「弄懂……，搞清……」。
PassageTwo
51.答案：B)TheEuropeanRenaissanceasaculturaldevelopmentthatincludedchangesinmusicalstyle.
點睛解析：本題為主旨題，文章主要講述了歐洲文藝復興時期音樂上的變化，從第二段開始過渡到了這一主題上來，到文章末尾落腳點也是圍繞該時期的音樂進行分析，所以選B。
52.答案：D)Otherhistoriansusedtheword"Renaissance"beforeitwasfinallyusedbymusichistorians.
點睛解析：本題考查的是結合語境分析詞義，eventually一詞的意思是「最後」，分析得知"historiansofculture","arthistorians"和"musichistorians"是按先後順序給出的，所以選D。
53.答案：A)culturalemphasisonhumanity
點睛解析：文章第一段中指出，AtthattimescholarsandartistsintendedtorestoretheclassicalcivilizationsofGreeceandRome,whichmeantareturntohuman.由此可知，他們追求的是重新重視人本身的價值，B選項不符合原文中的enjoyingthepleasuresofsenses，C並不是追求的內容，D選項文中並未提到，所以選A。
54.答案：C)itcouldnotgetemotionalresponsesfromaudiences.
點睛解析：文章第二段中指出Theyexperiencedthemysticalpowerofancientmusicwhichcouldtouchthelistenersdeeplyandwonderedwhythemodernmusiccouldn'tachievethiseffect.由此可知古希臘、古羅馬的音樂能深深打動聽眾，而他所處時期的音樂卻達不到這種效果，由此可知C選項正確。
55.答案：C)Musicneverremainedthesameforalongtimeduringthatperiod.
點睛解析：文章最後一段中的最後一句話指出，這一時期的音樂經歷了快速的發展變化，並沒有形成單一特有的風格，只有C選項符合，所以選C。
PartIVTranslation
參考譯文
SunWukong,alsoknownastheMonkeyKing,isahouseholdmythicalfigureinChinaaswellasamaincharacterinoneofthefourgreatclassicalnovels—JourneytotheWest.Legendgoesthat,heisbornfromamagicstone.UndertheTaoistmaster'sinstructionandimpartation,heacquiressupernaturalpowers.Hecantransformhimselfintoseventy-twodifferentimagesandgetcontrolofclouds.SunWukongistheembodimentofwitandbraveness.AndhebecomesoneoftheunfailingfiguresinthehistoryofChineseliteratureandenjoysenormouspopularityamongpeople.